১০০ টি খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Abbreviation or Acronyms
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Abbreviation or Acronyms সাধারণত কোন নাম বা বাক্যের শব্দগুলোর প্রথম এক বা একাদিক অক্ষরের সমন্বয়ে গঠিত হয়। বিভিন্ন শব্দের আদ্যক্ষর দিয়ে গঠিত সংক্ষিপ্ত নির্দেশক শব্দ।
Abbreviation and Acronyms এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য:- Acronyms ও এক ধরনের abbreviation কিন্তু এদের মধ্যে একটা পার্থক্য রয়েছে। Abbreviation এ প্রতিটি অক্ষরকে আলাদাভাবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় এবং এটাকে শব্দ হিসেবে পড়া হয় না ।কিন্তু Acronyms কে একটি শব্দ হিসেবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় এবং Abbreviation এর মত প্রতিটি অক্ষরকে আলাদাভাবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় না।
Example: - ISO (International organization of Standardization) where the ‘I.S.O’ is pronounced individually. - NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) where the ‘NATO’ is pronounced as a word.
Time/ Zone/ Area
1) GMT - Greenwich Mean Time.
2) GPS -Global Positioning System.
3) AM- Ante Meridiem (Before noon, morning).
4) PM – Post Meridiem (afternoon, evening).
5) B.C. - Before Christ.
6) EST - Eastern Standard Time.
7) U.S.A. - United States of America.
Education/ Degree
1) Ph.D.- Doctor of Philosophy
2) MBBS – Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery)
3) FCPS-Fellow of College of Physicians and Surgeons
4) B.A- Bachelor of Arts
5) BBA- Bachelor of Business Administration
6) MBA- Master of Business Administration
7) CSE- Computer Science & Engineering
8) MCS- Master of Computer Science
9) M.Sc.- Master of Science
10) LL.B. -Bachelor of Laws
11) BDS- Doctor of Dental Surgery or Doctor of Dental Science
12) ACCA-Association of Chartered Certified Accountants.
13) IELTS- International English Language Testing System
14) ISBN - International Standard Book Number
Study/Reading/Writing
1) E.g- Exempli gratia ( Latin which means ‘for example’).
2) N.B.- Note Bene (Note Well)
3) etc.- et cetera (And so on)
4) Govt. - Government.
5) i.e. (or i.e. / I.E.)- "id est" (Latin which means “That is (to say)" or "in other words").
6) IQ- Intelligence Quotient
7) Q&A - Question and Answer
8) DOB – Date Of Birth
9) FAQ- Frequently asked Questions
Technology/ Computer
1) PDA – Personal Digital Assistance.
2) ALU – Arithmetic Login Unit.
3) RAM – Random Access Memory
4) ROM –Read Only Memory.
5) DVD – Digital Video Disk.
6) CD –Compact Disk.
7) CD-RW – Compact Disk Rewritable.
8) ORM – Optical Mark Reader.
9) USB – Universal Serial Bus.
10) CAD – Computer Aided Design/Drafting.
11) IPS – Instant Power System.
12) UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply
13) AC- Alternating Current / Air Condition.
14) DC – Direct Current.
15) HP - Hewlett-Packard (A Company Name)/ Horse Power
16) LASER – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
17) RADER – Radio Detection And Ranging.
18) ATM - Automated Teller Machine
19) VoIP - Voice over Internet Protocol
Internet/ Web/Mobile
1) WWW- World Wide Web
2) HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
3) IP – Internet Protocol.
4) GPRS- General Packet Radio Service.
5) WAP - Wireless Application Protocol.
6) SIM- Subscriber Identity Module.
7) CDMA -Code Division Multiple Access.
8) GSM-The Global System for Mobile Communications.
9) EDGE -Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution.
10) ISD – International Subscriber Dialing.
11) FM- Frequency Modulation.
12) ID – Identification.
13) PIN - Personal Identification Number.
14) CMS – Content Management System.
Organization/ Institute/ Business/Company/ Security
1) DIG – Deputy Inspector General of Police.
2) GM- General Manager.
3) CEO - Chief Executive Officer.
4) HRD – Human Resources Department.
5) IBM – International Business Machine.
6) ISO - International Organization for Standardization.
7) ISD – International Subscriber Dialing.
8) BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation.
9) CNN -Cable News Network.
10) ESPN – Entertainment and Sports Programming Network
11) NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
12) SWAT - Special Weapons And Tactics
13) SWOR - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats ( Analysis method).
14) SME - Small and Medium Enterprise.
15) WHO - World Health Organization.
16) NGO - Non-Governmental Organization.
17) BDS -Business Development Services.
18) BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation.
19) EU - European Union.
20) IRS - Internal Revenue Service
21) NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
22) NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
23) UNICEF - United Nations Children's Fund.
24) FBI – Federal Bureau of Investigation.
25) CIA – Central Intelligence Agency.
26) POP – Post Office Protocol.
Medical/ Health
1) CBC –Complete Blood Count.
2) ICU – Intensive Care Unit.
3) CCU – Cardiac Care Unit.
4) HIV -Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
5) AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Weight/ Volume
1) gal. - gallon
2) lb - pound
3) oz - ounce
4) pt - pint
5) qt - quart
6) wt. - weight
7) vol. – volume
8) kg - kilogram
9) km- kilometer
10) m - meter
11) mg - milligram
12) mm – millimeter
13) in. - inch
14) ft - foot
15) mi - mile
16) yd - yard
SMS/ Texting/ Chat [For Fun Only ]
1) B4N - Bye for now
2) ASAP - As soon as possible.
3) NP - No problem
4) TIC - Tongue in cheek
5) OMG- Oh My God.
6) KISS – Keep It Simple Stupid
7) LOL – Laughing Out Loud
8) BF – Boyfriend
9) GF – Girlfriend
List of Computing and IT Abbreviations
AAC - Advanced Audio Coding
AM/FM - Amplitude/ Frequency Modulation
AMOLED - Active matrix organic light-emitting diode
AMR - Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
APN - Access Point Name
ARPANET - Advanced Research Project Agency Network
AVI - Audio Video Interleave
BMP - Bitmap
CAT - Common Admission Test
CD - Compact Disk
CDMA - Code Divison Multiple Access
COMPUTER - Common Oriented Machine Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research
CRT - Cathode Ray Tube
DAT - Digital Audio Tape
DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance
DOC - Document (Microsoft Corporation)
DOS - Disk Operating System
DVD - Digital Versatile Disk
DVX - DivX Video
EDGE - Enhanced Data Rate for GSM [Global System for Mobile Communication]
ESN - Electronic Serial Number
GIF - Graphic Interchangeable Format
GMAT - Graduate Management Admission Test
GOOGLE - Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth
GPRS - General Packet Radio Service
GSM - Global System for Mobile Communication
GUI - Graphical User Interface
HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface
HP - Hewlett Packard
HSDPA - High speed down link packet access
HSPA - High Speed Packet Access
HSUPA - High Speed Uplink Packet Access
HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language
HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTPS - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
IBM - International Business Machines
IELTS - International English Language Testing System
IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity
IP - Internet Protocol
ISP - Internet Service Provider
JAD - Java Application Descriptor
JAR - Java Archive
JPEG - Joint Photographic Expert Group
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LED - Light emitting diode
MICR - Magnetic ink character recognition
MMF - Synthetic Music Mobile Application File
MP3 - MPEG player lll
MP4 - MPEG-4 video file
M3G - Mobile 3D Graphics
M4A - MPEG-4 Audio File
NTH - Nokia Theme(series 40)
NRT - Nokia Ringtone
OLED - Organic light-emitting diode
PDF - Portable Document Format
PNG - Portable Network Graphics
PPI - Pixels Per Inch
QVGA - Quarter Video Graphics Array
RAM - Random access memory
ROM - Read only memory
RTS - Real Time Streaming
SIM - Subscriber Identity Module
SIS - Symbian OS Installer File
SWF - Shock Wave Flash
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
THM - Themes (Sony Ericsson)
TOEFL - Test Of English as a foreign Language
UHF - Ultra High Frequency
UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply
URL - Uniform Resource Locator
USB - Universal Serial Bus
VGA - Video Graphics Array
VHF - Very High Frequency
VIRUS - Vital Information Resources Under Siege
VPN - Virtual Private Network
WAP - Wireless Application Protocol
WAV - Waveform Audio
WBMP - Wireless Bitmap Image
WINDOW - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office Work Solution
WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
WMA - Windows Media Audio
WML - Wireless Markup Language
WMV - Windows Media Video
WVGA - Wide video graphics array
WXGA - Wide screen Extended Graphics Array
XMF - Extensible Music File
YAHOO - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle
3G - 3rd Generation
3GP - 3rd Generation Project
3GPP - 3rd Generation Partnership Project
Computer Keyboard
Ctrl + z= undo
Ctrl + x = cut
Ctrl + c= copy
Ctrl + v= paste
Ctrl + b= bold
Ctrl + n= new window
Ctrl + a= select all
Ctrl + s =save
Ctrl + y =redo
Ctrl + u =undrill
Ctrl + p =print
Ctrl + esc =start menu
Ctrl + w=close window
Ctrl + r=refresh
Ctrl + t= new tab
Ctrl + n =open new document
Ctrl + tab=moved to new window
সব ডিগ্রীর পূর্নাঙ্গ মানে
*J.S.C- Junior School Certificate.
*J.D.C- Junior Dakhil Certificate.
*S.S.C- Secondary School Certificate.
*H.S.C- Higher Secondary Certificate.
*A.M— Ante meridian.
*P.M— Post meridian.
*B. A— Bachelor of Arts.
*B.B.S - Bachelor of Business Studies.
*B.S.S- Bachelor of Social Science.
*B.B.A- Bachelor of Business Administration
*M.B.A- Masters of Business Administration.
*B.C.S- Bangladesh Civil Service.
*M.A. — Master of Arts.
*B.Sc.— Bachelor of Science.
*M.Sc.— Master of Science.
*B.Sc. Ag.— Bachelor of Science in Agriculture .
*M.Sc.Ag.— Master of Science in Agriculture.
*M.B.B.S.— Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery.
*M.D.— Doctor of Medicine./ Managing director.
*M.S.— Master of Surgery.
*Ph.D./ D.Phil.— Doctor of Philosophy
*D.Litt./Lit.— Doctor of Literature/ Doctor of Letters.
*D.Sc.— Doctor of Science.
* B.C.O.M — Bachelor of Commerce.
* M.C.O.M — Master of Commerce.
*B.ed- Bachelor of education.
*Dr.— Doctor.
*Mr. — Mister.
*Mrs. — Mistress.
*Miss — used before unmarried girls.
*M.P. — Member of Parliament.
*M.L.A. — Member of Legislative Assembly.
*M.L.C— Member of Legislative Council.
*P.M.— Prime Minister.
*V.P- Vice President./ Vice Principal.
*V.C- Vice Chancellor.
*D.C- District Commissioner/ Deputy Commissioner.
*S.P- Police Super.
*S.I- Sub Inspector
